Saint Cyprian (†258) was a bishop of Carthage and an early Christian Martyr who is recognized as a saint in the Western and Eastern churches. Soon after converting to Christianity, he became a bishop in 249. A controversial figure during his lifetime, his strong pastoral skills, firm conduct during the Novatianist heresy and outbreak of the Plague of Cyprian (named after him due to his description of it), and eventual martyrdom at Carthage established his reputation and proved his sanctity in the eyes of the Church. His skillful Latin rhetoric led to his being considered the pre-eminent Latin writer of Western Christianity until Jerome and Augustine. The Roman Catholic Church and the Lutherans celebrate his feast on September 16. The Eastern Orthodox Church commemorates him on August 31.