Blessed Julien Maunoir (†1683) (also Juluan Maner) was a French-born Jesuit priest known as the "Apostle of Brittany". With his companion, Pierre Bernard, Maunoir worked among the poor, the peasants, and fishermen. Maunoir worked as a missionary to the Breton people for 43 years and managed to give a Christian meaning to what had become pious customs. According to some contemporaries, parishioners had to reserve an appointment for the confessional ten days in advance. Maunoir used to preach (which included dramatic performances) about the pains and torments of hell, after which the new converts fell into a panic and came to confess their sins en masse. By 1683, he had formed almost 1,000 Breton missionaries, carrying on the pastoral works he had begun. He was beatified in 1951 by Pope Pius XII and is commemorated by the Catholic Church on 29 January and 2 July.